The impact of science motivation on cognitive achievement within a 3-lesson unit about renewable energies     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2016

Our study analyzed the influence of motivation towards science in relation individual cognitive achievement scores. 232 10th graders of college preparatory school level (‘Gymnasium’) completed a cognitive achievement test three times and a questionnaire quantifying motivation towards science once. A three-lesson module dealt with aspects of the topic renewable energies. The knowledge test was applied one week before (T-0), directly after (T-1) and six weeks after (T-2) participation in the learning module. The questionnaire on science motivation was completed at T-0 in order to receive unaffected data. A test-retest group (acting as control group) of 37 students completed the questionnaires with no intervention. Three motivational groups were selected: highly motivated, intermediate and less motivated. The intervention group showed substantial knowledge gain in short- and in long-term perspectives, almost independently of motivational levels. A positive linear relation between motivation and content knowledge was observable for each test schedule. In particular, intrinsic factors are shown to be responsible for this relationship.We recommend implementing appropriately designed educational settings to promote intrinsic aspects in order to foster performance almost independently of pre-existing knowledge and science motivation We presume pre-existing knowledge as well as learning to be influenced by motivation towards science. Also, pre-existing knowledge may influence individual motivation towards science. Consequently, beyond scientific contents, a focus on motivation of adolescents in science may lead to a synergetic effect for life-long learning.  相似文献   

Models in Physics, Models for Physics Learning, and Why the Distinction may Matter in the Case of Electric Circuits   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Christina Hart 《Research in Science Education》2008,38(5):529-544

Models are important both in the development of physics itself and in teaching physics. Historically, the consensus models of physics have come to embody particular ontological assumptions and epistemological commitments. Educators have generally assumed that the consensus models of physics, which have stood the test of time, will also work well as teaching models, and for many topics this assumption is at least unproblematic and in many cases productive. However, in the case of electric circuits the consensus models are highly abstract and consequently inaccessible to beginning learners. Certain historically derived analogues for the consensus models are accepted in texts, but these are demonstrably ineffective for helping learners grasp the fundamental concepts of electric circuits. While awareness of other models circulates informally in the teaching community, these are not well documented in the science education literature and rarely referred to in authoritative texts, possibly because the models do not share the ontological assumptions and epistemological commitments that characterise consensus models. Consequently these models have not been subjected to a disciplined critique of their effectiveness for teaching purposes. In this paper I use criteria drawn from the science education literature to reflect on why I have found particular models valuable in teaching electric circuits. These criteria contrast with the epistemological and ontological features that characterise the consensus models of science, and my reflection leads me to attend explicitly to the ways in which meanings are created within physics. This suggests that all models, whether consensus models or not, can be used more knowingly for important educational ends.

Christina HartEmail:

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The madelung constant of the sodium chloride crystal lattice     

Sourav Das 《Resonance》2003,8(10):76-84

An analysis of the Madelung constant of the sodium chloride crystal lattice has been made, in an effort to supplement information available in undergraduate textbooks. A method of approximation of the constant using the personal computer is presented. An erratum to this article is available at .  相似文献   

LD端面抽运Nd:YVO4温度场及热形变分析     

李锋  高荣发  张继良  刘宝盈  白晋涛 《商洛学院学报》2006,20(4):5-8

目的研究方形截面Nd：YVO4激光晶体在端面抽运情况下的温度分布及端面热形变；方法数值分析；结果得到激光晶体棒内温度场及热形变的数值解，给出了不同吸收系数下晶体中的最大温升和端面热至形变；结论吸收系数α越大，热源越向抽运端面集中，从而在端面形成一个相对集中的高温区，温度梯度分布表明晶体内具有侧向和轴向热流．端面热至形变相对于球面透镜存在高阶球差．选用较小的吸收系数有利于减小端面上的热应力和热至形变，而消除这一热效应的有效方法是采用复合晶体．  相似文献   

孟浩然山水诗中"幽"与"雄"的意象创造论析     

宁松夫 《黄冈职业技术学院学报》2005,7(1):17-19

孟浩然山水诗中“幽”与“雄”的意象,比起“清”与“淡”的意象来,虽然在数量上不占多数,但其艺术造诣却堪称上流,艺术创造方法亦多有独到之处。  相似文献   

理工类院校英语专业课程设置优化研究     

张建平  李欢 《江西教育学院学报》2011,32(4):94-97

通过对英语专业学生进行问卷调查、访谈和跟踪访问等形式,发现了理工类院校英语专业在课程设置上存在诸多问题,如课程设置缺少特色,各学期课程缺乏合理安排,专业英语课程师资不足,教材缺乏特色,社会实践环节薄弱等,并提出相应的对策,以优化课程设置,满足就业市场对复合型英语专业人才的需求。  相似文献   

对口支援新形势下新疆资源开发的民生科技研究     

董晔  安尼瓦尔·阿木提 《新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2011,32(1):17-22

新疆拥有丰富的资源,然而环境和生态系统也非常脆弱;新疆在进行资源开发的同时也对环境和生态造成极大的破坏,出现了许多民生问题。在全国对口援疆的新形势下,新疆如何利用民生科技改善民生是亟待解决的问题。文章阐述了新疆资源开发的现状及其导致的民生问题,提出了解决的对策。  相似文献   

2000-2010年国内期刊中的客家研究论文分析     

陈瑜林 《嘉应学院学报》2011,29(9):12-16

新世纪以来,随着客家研究理论和方法的创新,客家研究取得了巨大的发展。期刊论文是科研成果的主要呈现方式之一,通过论文年度发表数量、论文的期刊分布、作者分布、作者单位分布、高频关键词、文献被引次数6个方面对2000-2010年客家研究论文进行分析,可以了解目前客家研究的状况:总体发展势头良好、建立了较好的科研成果发表平台、拥有了一批高素质学者队伍、形成了一些较好的学术团队、研究内容丰富、科研成果学术价值还需进一步提升。  相似文献   

“家庭—社区—医院—高校”四位一体运动健康促进模式探索     

乐生龙  陆大江  夏正常  葛军  王人卫  毛丽娟  程蜀琳 《北京体育大学学报》2015,38(11):23-29+35

摘要：在理论分析基础上,运用试验、数理统计等方法,建立以居民为核心,以家庭和社区为基本环境,以预防为主,整合社区、医院和高校的优质资源,使家庭、社区居民、健康促进团队以及研究者之间形成一种伙伴关系,共同解决慢性疾病问题的“家庭—社区—医院—高校”四位一体运动健康促进模式,并在运动及膳食干预糖尿病前期非酒精性脂肪肝项目实施过程中运用该模式进行管理运作,完成该模式的可行性验证和丰富完善。研究结果表明本运动健康促进模式在实施过程中运行良好,帮助慢性疾病患者建立健康生活方式,改善疾病状况和生活质量,并得到患者的好评,可以有效地应用于社区慢病预防控制。本文对该模式的组织架构、管理流程和运行机制进行详细描述及分析论证,旨在为构建以社区为基础的科学有效的新型城市慢病管理的服务体系提供一定理论和实践借鉴参考。  相似文献   

青少年运动缺乏症研究的10大问题     

Avery D. Faigenbaum  Thomas M. Best  James MacDonal  Gregory D. Myer  Andrea Stracciolini 《北京体育大学学报》2015,38(11):50-58

摘要：运动缺乏症（EDD）是一种儿科疾病,特点是中高强度体力活动（MVPA）下降,低于目前的推荐量,也与积极的健康结果（health outcomes）不一致。目前,大多数儿童和青少年符合EDD的诊断标准,因为他们没有达到日常MVPA的最低要求。本文的目的是强调10个与青少年EDD有关的重要研究问题。需要进行重要的研究来更好的定义EDD的临床表现,包括评估体力活动行以确定开始出现EDD的年龄或发育阶段;包括运动技巧和体能的运动起源（kinesiogenesis）的检测;以及对影响青少年MVPA的生活方式因素的评估。关于治疗EDD的干预措施和政策的研究问题,包括评估对卫生保健从业者进行运动医学重要性的教育和训练;确定在临床上识别和治疗EDD青少年的方法的有效性;开发敏感的、特效的、经济的方法以诊断青少年EDD;以及定制方法以促进本病诊疗的医疗保险赔付。如果未来研究不能优化EDD青少年的识别、治疗和管理方案,具有重大影响的生物医学、心理、经济和政治的新的卫生保健问题将会不断出现。  相似文献